Vancomycine
Vancomycin is an antibiotic drug which is classified as a tricyclic glycopeptide . It mainly acts by prevention of cell-wall synthesis of bacteria.It is effective against organisms such as MRSA and enterococci.It has activity against Gram-positive rods and cocci, Gram-negative rods are resistant to its bactericidal action.
Mechanism of Action
During cell wall synthesis cell wall integrity is increased due to cross linking of D.alaninine and D-alanine amino acids of glycopeptide units (which makes cell wall ). Vancomycin (V) binds tightly to the terminal D-Ala-D-Ala sequence and prevents its release from the carrier, so that further transpeptidation cannot take place.Cell wall lose its integrity and become higly vulnerable to slight changes in osmotic pressure.
Some important point about vancomycine.
Vancomycin is an antibiotic drug which is classified as a tricyclic glycopeptide . It mainly acts by prevention of cell-wall synthesis of bacteria.It is effective against organisms such as MRSA and enterococci.It has activity against Gram-positive rods and cocci, Gram-negative rods are resistant to its bactericidal action.
Mechanism of Action
During cell wall synthesis cell wall integrity is increased due to cross linking of D.alaninine and D-alanine amino acids of glycopeptide units (which makes cell wall ). Vancomycin (V) binds tightly to the terminal D-Ala-D-Ala sequence and prevents its release from the carrier, so that further transpeptidation cannot take place.Cell wall lose its integrity and become higly vulnerable to slight changes in osmotic pressure.
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Some important point about vancomycine.
- Enterococcal resistance to vancomycin is due to a plasmid mediated alteration of the dipeptide target site,reducing its affinity for vancomycin.
- Rapid i.v. injection has caused chills, fever, urticaria and intense flushing—called ‘Red man syndrome’.
- Systemic use (500 mg 6 hourly or 1 g 12 hourly infused i.v. over 1 hr) is restricted to serious MRSA infections for which it is the most effective drug, and as a penicillin substitute (in allergic patients) for enterococcal endocarditis along with gentamicin.
- It is a glycopeptide antibiotic discovered in 1956 as a penicillin substitute.
- Skin allergy and fall in BP during i.v. injection, due to histamine release from mast cells,
are the other problems. - vancomycin-resistant Staph. aureus (VRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) have emerged.
